Improvement in stoves



J. R. HAWKINS.

Stove.

No. 44,307. Patented Sept. 20, 48 64.

N. PETERS. phnmLilhc -z hnr. washin mn. n.0,

To all whom it may concern.-

' Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga andState proved Ooal-Burnin gStove; and I do declare ence marked thereon.

of the stove that it shall be a self-feeder, easily kindled, should thefire from any cause :elinker and slate that may form or get into *to thebottom of the stove or carried to the chimney by a direct draft, and onewhich can Fig. 4 representsavertical section of the grate, and Fig. 5a'top View of the grate and bed- --rnay seem desirable, the one shown inFig. 1 being elliptical.

same, whatever may be theform of the outside plates, (marked a and b,Fig. 3,) placed far T, Fig. 3,) so that the flue A can be cleaned Fig.3) I cast with two openings in it, one lead- -the flue marked A,'an'dthe other leading from I-make these openings, which are marked G UNITEDSTATES PATENT "OFFI E.

JOHN R HAWKINS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 44.307, dated September20, 1864.

Be it known that I, JOHN R. HAWKINS, of

of New York, have invented a new and 'Imthat the following is full andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of refer- The nature of my inventionconsists in so constructing and arranging the various parts go out,without dumping the grate, with a grate which will grind up and removeall said stove, in which all the heat can be thrown be used as a parlorcook-stove.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to de- In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a front platecombined.

The exterior casing of my stove I construct in any of the known forms,and ornament it as The interior of my stove I construct as shown in Fig.3, and I now proceed to describe its internal construction, which issubstantially the casing.

- I construct the base of my stove of two enough apart to givesufficient room for the flue marked A, Fig. 3, between them, with aportion of the flange of theupper plate, b, made so that it can beremoved at pleasure, (marked out. This upper plate of the base (markedb,

ing from the chamber marked 0, Fig. 3, into the flue A into thechambermarked D, Fig. 3.

and d, Fig. 3, of a size s'uflicient to conduct all the heat, flame, andsmoke from the chamber 0 through the flue A into the chamber D, Fig.3,.in the direction shown by the arrows.

Upon the central portion of the upper plate of the base (marked 1)) Iplace the ash-pit, (marked B, Fig. 3,) reaching from the front to theback part of the stove and closed in front by a door, (shown by a, Fig.1.) From this ashpit B, Fig. 3, I make several openings into the chamberD,one of which is marked 0, Fig. 3. Theseopenings are closed up, whenneccssary, by means of a slide-register. (Not shown in the drawings.)

Upon the top of the ash-pit I place the bedplate f, Fig. 3, (moreclearly shownin Fig 2',) with an opening in the center of it largeenough for the grate to work easily therein, as shown by Y, Fig. 2. Uponthe under surface of this bed-plate f, Fig. 3, I cast two lugs, so thatthey will come one upon each side of the grate-opening and within theash-pit B, Fig. 3, and these lugs are marked 9 9, Fig. 3. These lugssupport the horizontal bar h, Fig. 3, upon which the grate revolves.

I construct the grate pyramidal in form, with a standard reaching fromthe apex down upon the horizontal bark, and passing through the bar,with a shoulder resting upon the upper side of the bar, as shown by i,Fig. 3.

' Upon the top of the horizontal bar h, Fig. 3, I cast a steady orsupport ring, in circumference a little less than the circumference ofthe grate upon which the outer edge of the grate slides when it isshaken. A section of this ring is marked 0 0, Fig. 3.

In making the grate I have four arms placed at right angles with eachother and reaching from the apex of the pyramid to the outer edge of thegrate, which form the edges or hips of the pyramid, (marked at m, Fig.5.) I connect the outer ends of these arms with four bars cast withthem, which form the outside of the base proper of the pyramid withparallel bars connecting the arms at m, Fig. 5,'from the'base to theapex sufficient in number to make the grate of the proper fineness,(shown by n n n, Fig. 5.) To the lower bar at the base of the pyramid Icast teeth of varying length,

so as to make the whole grate, when complete, circular. These teeth aremarked p111), Fig. 5.

Upon the inner edge of the opening in the bed-plate Q, Fig. 5, which isthere represented circular instead of elliptical, as in Fig. 2, I castteeth, which are marked q q q, Fig. 5, one half of them of about thesame thickness up and down as the bed-plate itself, and the other half(being every other one) of about twice that thickness. Between the teethcast upon the outer bars of the grate and the teeth cast upon the edgeof the opening in the bed-plate the clinkers and slate which may be inthe fire-pot are ground to pieces that will fall through the openingsbetween them. Upon the top of this bed-plate, Fig. 3, ff, and a littleoutside of the opening therein in which the grate turns, rests the loweredge of the fire-pot, (marked 1" r, Fig. 3,) which I cast circular atthe bottom and elliptical at the top, the size of the bottom being alittle larger than the size of the opening in the bed-plate f f, Fig. 2,and the longer diameter of the top being two or three inches less thanthat of the outer shell of the stove, and the shorter diameter also twoor three inches less than that of the same shell when it is elliptical,as in the drawings, and rather more than two or three inches less whenthe shell is cylindrical. I make this fire-pot of any depth suitable forthe proper burning of coal, and surround it with an iron jacket, (markeds s, Fig. 3,) so that air may be admitted to the exterior of thefire-pot for greater durability. I fasten the upper edge of this jacketto a flange cast upon the top of the fire-pot, while its lower edgerests upon the outer edge of the bed-plate f f, Fig. 3.

Around the upper or elliptical edge of the fire-pot r r, Fig. 3, I casta flange to give strength to the same, (marked a a, Fig. 3,) and uponthis flange I rest the coal-reservoir w to, Fig. 3, which I makeconical, with its lower diameter a little less than one-half, the longerdiameter of the fire-pot and its length sufficient to reach to the topof the stove, and the coal passes into it through thetop of the stove atthe place marked N, Fig. 3. The bottom of thisreservoir I line withsoapstone or firebrick, as shown at t t, Fig. 3, and I cut away from itslower inner edge so as to allow the coal to slide freely into that partof the firepot not under the coal-reservoir, as shown at t, Fig. 3.

The space from the top of the bed-plate upon which the fire-pot rests tothe top of the stove, except that taken up by the coal-reservoir, Idivide by a partition, (marked 2 z 2, Fig. 3,) fastening this partitionto the outside of the coal-reservoir, as shown by the dotted line 2 z,Fig. 3. In that part of the partition marked 2 z", I place the slidingdamper marked K, Fig. 3, moved by a rod terminating in a knob, (marked8, Fig. 3,) and this part of the partition I incline downward from 2 toz, for the greater ease in removing dust and ashes. Near the' top of thestove I place another horizontal partition, L L, Fig. 3, with threeholes through it near its front edge, and almost directly over thesliding damper K, Fig. 3. Above that portion of the fire pot not coveredby the coal-reservoir, and below thepartition zz, I place a small oven,(marked I, Fig. 3,) leaving sutficient space for the fire, smoke, andheat to pass around it. At O,Fig. 3, I place a small cover, which can beremoved at pleasure for heating plates or other articles.

Having now describedthe construction of my stove, I will now proceed todescribe'its operation.

A fire having been kindled upon the grate with charcoal or wood in theusual way, the cover N, Fig. 3, is removed, and the res ervoir H, whosesides are marked w w, is filled with coal, which, sliding out of thebottom of the reservoir upon the inner side, fills the whole fire-potwith coal, which soon becomes ignited, the air which supports thecombustion passing from the ash-pit B up through the grate It, Fig. 3,into the burning coal. Now, if the damper K is opened the flame, heat,and smoke pass up on three sides of the oven I through thedamper-opening at K through the holes 1 2 3 into the smokepipe M, in thedirection indicated by the arrows, in the chamber I, Fig. 3, making adirect draft from the chimney to the burning coal. But if the damper Kis closed the flame, heat, and smoke passes over the edge of thefire-pot into the space 0, then through the opening G into the fiue A inthe base of the stove, then through the opening 01 into the space D,then through the holes 1 2 3 into the smoke-pipe M, as shown by thedirection of the arrows in Fig. 3. When the fire has burned low, and youwish to increase the heat, you take hold of the handle of the grate inthe top of the ash-pit B, and move it to the right and left,

having first opened the slide-register which closes the openings 0,leading from the ash-pit B, Fig. 3, into the chamber D, so that theflying dust and ashes may be drawn to the chimney, and not escape outthrough the door of the ash-pit into the room. When this grate isshaken, the edges or hips of the pyramid raise the mass of ashes, slate,and clinkers resting on the grate, and the smaller pieces fall throughthe bars of the pyramid, and the larger pieces work down the inclinedsides of the pyramid till they are caught and broken up between theteeth at the outer edge of the grate, and those upon the inner edge ofthe opening in the bed-plate. When the fire from any cause happens to goout, you can reach a poker through the opening in the bottom of theoven, and make bare a small portion of the grate, when the fire can bekindled anew without dumping the grate and emptying the coal-reservoir,which is quite important in a self-feeding stove.

I do not claim as my invention the outer shell or casing of the stove,nor the oven, nor the ash-pit, nor the coal-reservoir, nor the jacket,nor the horizontal bar, nor the supporting-ring, nor register; but

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The division of the space within the outer shell of the stove intothe different compartments by the partitions z z z and P P, as abovedescribed, in combination with the firepot, grate, coal-reservoir, andouter shell, as above described.

2. The fire-pot made circular at the bottom, and elliptical at the top,in combination with the grate and coal-reservoir, as above described.

3. The combination of a grate made in the form of a pyramid with barsand a toothed edge, and a bed-plate having the edge of the opening inwhich the grate is placed also toothed, as above described, inconnection with the fire-pot and coal-reservoir, as above described.

JOHN R. HAWKINS. Witnesses:

GEO. D. OoWLns, THOMAS BYRNE.

